The etiology and incidence of melorheostosis is unknown. It is often discovered as an incidental finding on radiographs acquired for other reasons. Other patients may have bone pain, limited range of motion, and joint fusion. The disease consists of cortical hyperostosis ("candle wax") in a dermatomal distribution. The location is usually diaphyseal. The process often crosses joints and may result in flexion contractures. The overlying skin may become thickened.
REFERENCES
Greenspan A, Azouz EM. Bone dysplasia series. Melorheostosis: review and update. Can Assoc Radiol J. 1999 Oct;50(5):324-30.
Vanhoenacker FM, De Beuckeleer LH, Van Hul W, Balemans W, Tan GJ, Hill SC, De Schepper AM. Sclerosing bone dysplasias: genetic and radioclinical features. Eur Radiol. 2000;10(9):1423-33